أمراض الغدد الصماءأمراض النساءالحملالحمل والولادة

تكيس المبايض: 7 أعراض

أسباب وأعراض وتشخيص وعلاج تكيس المبايض (متلازمة المبيض متعدد الكيسات)

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  2. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office of Women’s Health. (2014). Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) fact sheet. Retrieved May 20, 2016, from http://www.womenshealth.gov/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/polycystic-ovary-syndrome.html (PDF 126 KB)
  3. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office on Women’s Health. (2014). Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) fact sheet. Retrieved May 20, 2016, from http://www.womenshealth.gov/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/polycystic-ovary-syndrome.html (PDF 126 KB)
  4. Goodarzi, M. O., Dumesic, D. A., Chazenbalk, G., & Azziz, R. (2011). Polycystic ovary syndrome: Etiology, pathogenesis and diagnosis. Nature Reviews Endocrinology, 7(4), 219–231. Retrieved August 26, 2016, from http://www.nature.com/nrendo/journal/v7/n4/full/nrendo.2010.217.html external link
  5. International evidence-based guideline for the assessment and management of polycystic ovary syndrome. Monash University, Melbourne Australia, 2018. http://www.monash.edu/medicine/sphpm/mchri/pcos external link
  6. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. (2015). Polycystic ovary syndrome. Retrieved May 20, 2016, from http://www.acog.org/Patients/FAQs/Polycystic-Ovary-Syndrome-PCOS external link
  7. American Society for Reproductive Medicine. (2003). Hirsutism and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): A guide for patients. Birmingham, AL: American Society for Reproductive Medicine.
  8. Ehrmann, D. A. (2005). Polycystic ovary syndrome. New England Journal of Medicine, 352(12), 1223–1236.
  9. Sirmans, S. M., & Pate, K. A. (2014). Epidemiology, diagnosis, and management of polycystic ovary syndromeClinical Epidemiology, 6, 1–13.
  10. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG). (2015). Polycystic ovary syndrome. Retrieved May 20, 2016, from http://www.acog.org/Patients/FAQs/Polycystic-Ovary-Syndrome-PCOS external link
  11. National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, PubMed Health. (n.d.).Polycystic ovary syndrome. Retrieved May 23, 2016, from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24582095
  12. ACOG Committee on Practice Bulletins—Gynecology. (2009; reaffirmed 2015). ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 108: Polycystic ovary syndrome. Obstetrics and Gynecology, 114(4), 936–949. Retrieved August 5, 2016, from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19888063
  13. Puurunen، J.، Piltonen، T.، Morin-Papunen، L.، Perheentupa، A.، Järvelä، I.، Ruokonen، A.، et al. (2011). تستمر التغيرات الهرمونية والتمثيل الغذائي والالتهابات غير المواتية بعد انقطاع الطمث لدى النساء المصابات بمتلازمة تكيس المبايض. مجلة الغدد الصماء والتمثيل الغذائي السريري ، 96، 1827-1834.
  14. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists(ACOG). (2015). Polycystic ovary syndrome. Retrieved May 20, 2016, from http://www.acog.org/Patients/FAQs/Polycystic-Ovary-Syndrome-PCOSExternal Web Site Policy
  15. Moran, L. J., Pasquali, R., Teede, H. J., Hoeger, K. M., & Norman, R. J. (2009). Treatment of obesity in polycystic ovary syndrome: A position statement of the Androgen Excess and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Society. Fertility and Sterility, 92(6), 1966–1982.
  16. ACOG. (2009; reaffirmed 2015). Polycystic ovary syndrome. Practice Bulletin 108. Washington, DC: ACOG.
  17. Badawy, A., & Elnashar, A. (2011). Treatment options for polycystic ovary syndrome. International Journal of Women’s Health, 3, 25–35.
  18. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. (n.d.). Aim for a healthy weight. Retrieved May 23, 2016, from https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/publications-and-resources
  19. Moran, L. J., Hutchison, S. K., Norman, R. J., & Teede, H. J. (2011). Lifestyle changes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2, CD007506.
  20. Lamb, J. D., Johnstone, E. B., Rousseau, J. A., Jones, C.L., Pasch, L. A., Cedars, M. I., et al. (2011). Physical activity in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: Prevalence, predictors, and positive health associations. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 204(4), 352.e1–352.e6.
  21. Phy, J. L., Pohlmeier, A. M., Cooper, J. A., Watkins, P., Spallholz, J., Harris, K. S., et al. (2015). Low starch/low dairy diet results in successful treatment of obesity and co-morbidities linked to polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)Journal of Obesity and Weight Loss Therapy, 5(2), 259.
  22. National Cancer Institute. (2012). Oral contraceptives and cancer risk: Questions and answers. Retrieved May 23, 2016, from http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/factsheet/Risk/oral-contraceptives
  23. Mathur, R., Levin, O., & Azziz, R. (2008). Use of ethinylestradiol/drospirenone combination in patients with the polycystic ovary syndrome. Journal of Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management, 4(2), 487–492.
  24. National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, PubMed Health. (n.d.). Polycystic ovary syndrome. Retrieved May 23, 2016, from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24582095
  25. Legro, R. S., Barnhart, H. X., Schlaff, W. D., Carr, B. R., Diamond, M. P., Carson, S. A., et al. (2007). Clomiphene, metformin, or both for infertility in the polycystic ovary syndrome. New England Journal of Medicine, 356(6), 551–566.
  26. Barbieri, R. L. (2003). Metformin for the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome. Obstetrics and Gynecology, 101(4), 785–793.
  27. Radosh, L. (2009). Drug treatments for polycystic ovary syndrome. American Family Physician, 79(8), 671–676.
  28. Martin, K. A., Chang, R. J., Ehrmann, D. A., Ibanez, L., Lobo, R. A., Rosenfield, R. L., et al. (2008). Evaluation and treatment of hirsutism in premenopausal women: An Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 93(4), 1105–1120.
  29. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. (2000). VANIQA™ (eflornithine hydrochloride) cream, 13.9%. Retrieved May 23, 2016, from http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2000/21145lbl.pdf (PDF – 133 KB)
  30. American Society for Reproductive Medicine. (n.d.). Frequently asked questions about infertility.Retrieved May 23, 2016, from https://www.reproductivefacts.org/faqs/frequently-asked-questions-about-infertility/ External Web Site Policy
  31. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists.2015). Polycystic ovary syndrome. Retrieved May 20, 2016, from http://www.acog.org/Patients/FAQs/Polycystic-Ovary-Syndrome-PCOS External Web Site Policy
  32. Moran, L. J., Pasquali, R., Teede, H. J., Hoeger, K.M., & Norman, R. J. (2009). Treatment of obesity in polycystic ovary syndrome: A position statement of the Androgen Excess and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Society. Fertility and Sterility, 92(6), 1966–1982.
  33. Legro, R. S. (2007). Pregnancy considerations in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology, 50(1), 295–304.
  34. ACOG Committee on Practice Bulletins–Gynecology. (2009). ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 108: Polycystic ovary syndrome. Obstetrics and gynecology, Oct; 114(4):936-49. Retrieved May 16, 2018 from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19888063
  35. National Cancer Institute. (2012). Oral contraceptives and cancer risk: Questions and answers. Retrieved May 23, 2016, from http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/factsheet/Risk/oral-contraceptives#3
  36. Goodarzi, M. O., Dumesic, D. A., Chazenbalk, G., & Azziz, R. (2011). Polycystic ovary syndrome: Etiology, pathogenesis and diagnosis. Nature Reviews Endocrinology, 7(4), 219–231. Retrieved August 26, 2016, from http://www.nature.com/nrendo/journal/v7/n4/full/nrendo.2010.217.htmlExternal Web Site Policy
  37. Johnson, N. (2011). Metformin is a reasonable first-line treatment option for non-obese women with infertility related to anovulatory polycystic ovary syndrome—A meta-analysis of randomised trials. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 51(2), 125–129.
  38. Vause, T. D., Cheung, A. P., Sierra, S., Claman, P., Graham, J., Guillemin, J. A., et al.; Society of Obstetricians and Gynecologists of Canada. (2010). Ovulation induction in polycystic ovary syndrome. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada, 32(5), 495–502.
  39. U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). (2000). VANIQA™ (eflornithine hydrochloride) cream, 13.9%.Retrieved May 23, 2016, from http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2000/21145lbl.pdf (PDF – 133 KB)
  40. Legro, R. S., Brzyski, R. G., Diamond, M.P., Coutifaris, C., Schlaff, W. D., Casson, P., et al; NICHD Reproductive Medicine Network. (2015). Letrozole versus clomiphene for infertility in the polycystic ovary syndrome. New England Journal of Medicine371(2),119–129. Retrieved August 1, 2016, from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4175743
  41. FDA. (2010). Femara (letrozole) tablets: Highlights of prescribing information. Retrieved May 23, 2016, from http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2010/020726s019lbl.pdf (PDF – 456 KB)
  42. American Society for Reproductive Medicine.(2014). Ovarian drilling for infertility. Retrieved May 23, 2016, from https://www.reproductivefacts.org/news-and-publications/patient-fact-sheets-and-booklets/documents/fact-sheets-and-info-booklets/ovarian-drilling-for-infertility/ External Web Site Policy
  43. Flyckt, R. L., & Goldberg, J. M. (2011).Laparoscopic ovarian drilling for clomiphene-resistant polycystic ovary syndrome. Seminars in Reproductive Medicine, 29(2), 138–146.
  44. Fernandez, H., Morin-Surruca, M., Torre, A., Faivre,E., Deffieux, X., & Gervaise, A. (2011). Ovarian drilling for surgical treatment of polycystic ovarian syndrome: A comprehensive review. Reproductive Biomedicine Online, 22(6), 556–568.
  45. American Society for Reproductive Medicine. (2015). Assisted reproductive technologies: A guide for patients. Retrieved May 23, 2016, from https://www.reproductivefacts.org/news-and-publications/patient-fact-sheets-and-booklets/documents/fact-sheets-and-info-booklets/assisted-reproductive-technologies-booklet/

د.رضوان فريد غزال

أخصائي وإستشاري أمراض الأطفال, مؤسس و مشرف و مالك موقعي عيادة طب الأطفال و دكتور أونلاين على شبكة الإنترنت.

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